natural+resources+-+roman

==== __//**Roman empire : natural resources and how they were used (7) (Jun Lee)**//__ ====

==== German kingship was based on the office from the time of Otto's reign. The German princes has chose the German king, automatically, including all the people that lives on the same country as them as well. After 1045 a king who was not yet crowned emperor was known as king of the Romans, a title that asserted his right to the imperial throne and implied that he was emperor-nomination. Not every German king became emperor, however, when elections to the king ships were discussed, often claimed that the selection of the emperor was their final judgement ( decision ). Soon at that moment, the fact that the German kingship and the royal office were technically elective, and tended to become inherited. ====

==== "Emperors continued to be crowned by the pope until after the coronation (1530) of Charles V. Thereafter, following the precedent (1508) of Maximilian I, they were crowned at Frankfurt. Several early emperors were also crowned king of Italy with the iron crown of the Lombards. After 1438 the imperial office was held, with one exception, by the house of Hapsburg." The empire was justified by the claim, just as the pope was the vicar of God on earth in spiritual matters, so the emperor was God's temporal vicar; hence he claimed to be the supreme temporal ruler of Christendom. Actually, the power of the emperor never equaled his pretensions. Although the emperors were accorded politic priority over other rulers, over France, S Italy, Denmark, Poland, and Hungary; and their control over England, Sweden, and Spain was never more than nominal. The authority of the emperors in Italy and Germany was sometimes weren't exist able, in some cases, its real. "The territorial limits of the empire varied, but it generally included Germany, Austria, Bohemia and Moravia, parts of N Italy, present-day Belgium, and, until 1648, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Some countries (e.g., Hungary) were ruled by the emperor or imperial prince but were outside the empire, while others (e.g., Flanders, Pomerania, Schleswig, and Holstein) were part of the empire but they were also ruled by foreign who held their lands in thief from the emperor." " Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of the City-state of Rome, founded in the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th Century BC . During its twelve-century existence, the Roman civilization shifted from a Monarchy to an Oligarchic Republic to a vast Empire . It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through Conquest and Assimilation . However, a number of factors led to the eventual Decline Of The Roman Empire . The western half of the empire, including Hispania , Gaul , and Italy, eventually broke into independent kingdoms in the 5th Century ; the eastern empire, governed from Constantinople , is referred to as the Byzantine Empire after AD 476, the traditional date for the "fall of Rome" and subsequent onset of the Middle Ages . Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of the City-state of Rome , founded in the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th Century BC. It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through Conquest and Assimilation. However, a number of factors led to the eventual Decline Of The Roman Empire. The western half of the empire, including Hispania, Gaul , and Italy, eventually broke into independent kingdoms in the 5th Century ; the eastern empire, governed from Constantinople , is referred to as the Byzantine Empire after AD 476, the traditional date for the "fall of Rome" and subsequent onset of the Middle Ages. The Roman civilization is often grouped into " Classical Antiquity " with Ancient Greece, a civilization that inspired much of the Culture Of Ancient Rome. Ancient Rome contributed greatly to the development of Law, War , Art , Literature , Architecture , and Language in the Western World , and its History continues to have a major influence on the world today. ====    Source : []   []   []  []